97 Automatic vehicle identification by RFID In vehicle identification, RFID technology is the most commonly used to control access to parking lots, automatic toll collection, access control to restricted areas, and fleet management and control. In these cases the tag, normally arranged in encapsulated (semi-active) form or adhesive (passive) label with an internal microchip, is affixed to the windscreen of the vehicle, being identified when the vehicle approaches in the reader, as shown in figure 3. Although the use of semi-active tags for this purpose is very common, the use of passive tags has grown in Brazil due to their low cost and reading efficiency achieved by the new technology. Figure 3 - RFID in vehicle identification (Barbosa, 2017) 1 Automatic identification of highway implements In the case of highway implements, there is great difficulty in identifying them with the traditional model, considering the wide variety of implement configurations, making it difficult to define a common point for tag fixation .It also has to be taken into account that frequent anchorage in loading and unloading operations may damage or remove tags. Another difficulty observed in such implements is possible interference from metallic structures that may obstruct reading of the tag .The reading angle for other vehicles (windshields) should be the same for implements and for motorcycles, which also present the same difficulty of tag installation. A common position that allows reading in all types of vehicles therefore has to be found. One possible alternative for both highway implements and motorcycles is to fix the chip to the vehicle’s license plate (figure 4). Recent studies in Europe with new passive tags (Gen2v2) have obtained excellent reading results at high speeds and under adverse conditions. In the form provided, the device can use the license plate structure to amplify the radio frequency signal, facilitating communication with the RFID reader. Figure 4 - SINIAV in highway implements (Barbosa, 2017) 1 In view of the mandatory implementation of SINIAV in the entire fleet of vehicles in circulation in Brazil, and the difficulties highlighted previously in tagging highway implements and motorcycles, it is recommended they be installed on the vehicle’s license plate. As shown in figure 4, the implantation of the Mercosul standard license plate presents an opportunity for SINIAV to become effective across the fleet of commercial vehicles, avoiding additional costs to the owner of the vehicle. (1) Barbosa, R.E. (2017) Methodology for the Establishment of Guidelines for the Implementation of the National Automated Vehicle Identification System - SINIAV . Doctoral thesis. Postgraduate Program in Transportation. University of Brasilia. Faculty of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. The origin The National System of Automatic Vehicle Identification (SINIAV) was created by the National Traffic Council (CONTRAN) in 2006. Its initial objective was to be one of the instruments of the National Policy to Prevent Vehicle and Cargo Theft, in compliance with the provisions of Complementary Law 121/2006. SINIAV comprises electronic identification of vehicles by radio frequency (RFID), by means of a tag, whose technical specification, information and homologation procedures were established by CONTRAN resolutions, complemented by ordinances issued by the National Traffic Department (DENATRAN). The last regulation published by CONTRAN was Resolution No. 537, on June 17, 2015, whereby it established that the electronic vehicle registration process should be initiated throughout Brazil as of January 1, 2016, its anticipation by the organs of the National Transit System being optional, which has not been observed so far.
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